[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":347},["ShallowReactive",2],{"api/learn-center-post-en-what-is-circle":3,"footer-en":57,"learn/company-profiles/what-is-circle-en-seo":255,"navigation-en-learn-center":260,"api/learn-categories-en":308},{"seo":4,"locale":22,"breadcrumbs":23,"excerpt":31,"featuredImage":32,"components":39,"title":5,"formattedPublishedAt":50,"geofencings":51,"category":52,"pagination":54,"campaignExternalId":8},{"title":5,"metaTitle":6,"metaDescription":7,"keywords":8,"metaRobots":8,"structuredData":9,"metaImage":10,"metaSocial":18,"canonicalURL":8,"localizations":19},"What is Circle?","What is Circle? - Crypto Company Profiles","Circle, issuer of USDC stablecoin, offers tools and services to support USDC adoption, enabling seamless digital payments and financial innovation.",null,{},{"url":11,"mime":12,"ext":13,"width":14,"height":15,"name":16,"alt":17},"bitstampImageUrl/what_is_circle_bb086068d0_5c2428a148.png","image/png",".png",900,451,"what_is_circle_bb086068d0.png","",[],[20],{"pathname":21,"locale":22},"/learn/company-profiles/what-is-circle/","en",[24,28],{"id":25,"text":26,"url":25,"asUrl":27},"/learn/company-profiles/","Company profiles",true,{"id":29,"text":5,"url":21,"asUrl":30},"what-is-circle",false,"\u003Cp>Circle is the issuer of USDC, one of the top stablecoins by market cap, as well as a suite of tools and services supporting the use and adoption of USDC.  \u003C/p>\n",{"url":33,"mime":34,"ext":35,"width":36,"height":37,"name":38,"alt":17},"bitstampImageUrl/what_is_circle_3a16f0e379_5cc4b1790f.svg","image/svg+xml",".svg",1920,1081,"what_is_circle_3a16f0e379.svg",[40],{"component":41,"props":42,"content":43,"secondaryContent":47,"ctas":48,"secondaryCtas":49,"ctasNoMarginTop":30},"section.full-text",{"centered":30,"withoutSectionContainer":30},{"text":44,"width":45,"align":46},"\u003Cp>As cryptocurrencies have grown in popularity, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-101/what-are-stablecoins/\">stablecoins\u003C/a> have become increasingly important in the ecosystem. As a means of on- and off-ramping from volatile crypto-assets, they help bring that stability and certainty of fiat currencies to the cryptocurrency markets while maintaining the benefits of being on-chain, such as security, decentralization, and transparency.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>For several years, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-tether-usdt/\">Tether\u003C/a> dominated the market for stablecoins, leading to demand for more regulated, transparent alternatives. In 2018, payment firm Circle became the co-founder of a consortium that launched \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-usd-coin-usdc/\">USDC\u003C/a>, a USD-backed stablecoin that has developed to become the second-largest stablecoin by \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-trading/what-is-market-cap/\">market cap\u003C/a>.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>USDC is now Circle’s flagship product, and Circle’s business is focused on the development and adoption of its stablecoins above all else.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>History of Circle\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Circle was founded in 2013 by Jeremy Allaire and Sean Neville as an online payment company aiming to facilitate the adoption of \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-bitcoin-btc/\">Bitcoin\u003C/a>. It launched with $9 million in venture funding.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The first product was an app for trading Bitcoin and fiat currencies called CirclePay. From the outset, Circle differentiated itself from much of the crypto sector by prioritizing regulatory compliance at a time when most of the industry was unregulated. In 2015, the company became the first to receive a Bitlicense issued by the New York State Department of Financial Services, and in 2016, it became the first licensed virtual currency provider by the UK Financial Conduct Authority.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In 2018, Circle acquired Poloniex exchange, which it sold at a loss within 18 months as part of a broader restructuring exercise.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Also in 2018, Circle co-founded the Centre consortium together with Coinbase to launch the USDC stablecoin. Centre closed in 2023 and, since then, Circle has had full governance and control over USDC.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The company has established several high-profile partnerships with household-name firms. In December 2020, it announced a collaboration with Visa that would allow businesses to spend USDC at any merchant accepting Visa payments. In 2024, Circle announced a partnership with Sony to integrate USDC into Sony’s Soneium public blockchain platform.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In 2022, the company announced it was planning to go public in the US via a reverse merger with a special purpose acquisition company. The deal later fell through. However, in January 2024, the company filed a draft registration for an initial public offering with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. As of late 2024, the company was still privately owned, although Jeremy Allaire had publicly stated a commitment to pursuing a stock market listing.   \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As of 2024, Jeremy Allaire remains CEO and figurehead for Circle. The company is based in Boston, Massachusetts.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>Circle products and services\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Circle has operated several different types of crypto-related services over its history. However, over recent years, the company’s mission is focused on the development of stablecoins as digital money, which is reflected in its products and services.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>USDC\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>USDC differentiates itself among stablecoins with a focus on regulation and transparency. Although the US hasn’t yet issued any concrete \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-101/the-evolution-of-cryptocurrency-regulation/\">regulatory frameworks\u003C/a> for crypto or stablecoins, the USD reserves backing USDC are invested in a dedicated fund registered with the SEC as a government money market fund. Circle engages Blackrock for daily independent reports on the state of USDC balances and reserves.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>USDC is minted natively on 16 blockchains, including \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-ethereum-eth/\">Ethereum\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-avalanche-avax/\">Avalanche\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-solana-sol/\">Solana\u003C/a>, although versions of USDC exist on other chains thanks to Circle’s support for cross-chain issuance (see below).  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As of 2024, USDC is the second-largest stablecoin by market cap, accounting for over 20% of the total stablecoin market. It has also achieved the status of being the most traded stablecoin by trading volume. \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>EURC\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>In July 2024, the EU introduced the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation, which regulated crypto-assets and service providers. Circle became the first stablecoin issuer to obtain an e-money license to issue USDC and a euro-backed stablecoin, \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-euro-coin-euroc/\">EURC\u003C/a>, to people in the EU.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>EURC is issued using a similar reserve and transparency model to USDC. However, the market cap and usage of EURC are substantially lower than that of USDC, as well as the asset being issued on fewer blockchains.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Stablecoin minting\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Businesses such as exchanges, institutional traders, or financial institutions can mint USDC via Circle Mint. For instance, a business with cash reserves could use it to mint stablecoins as a way of generating returns through mechanisms such as \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-trading/what-is-crypto-lending/\">lending\u003C/a> or \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-trading/what-is-arbitrage/\">arbitrage\u003C/a> trading.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Cross-chain services\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>USDC is only natively available on 16 blockchains; however, unofficial, bridged iterations of USDC exist on many other platforms to make stablecoin \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-trading/what-is-liquidity/\">liquidity\u003C/a> available for users of smaller blockchains. However, this creates a challenge for Circle since these instances are unsupported, fragmenting liquidity and degrading the user and developer experience.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>In 2024, Circle rolled out the Cross-chain Transfer Protocol (CTP), which enables native USDC to be transferred across supported blockchains using a mint-and-burn mechanism. In this way, each chain supports the same instance of USDC, not a wrapped version, preserving liquidity. Furthermore, users don’t need to use third-party \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/blockchain/what-are-blockchain-bridges/\">bridges\u003C/a> to send USDC across supported chains.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Programmable wallets\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Circle develops programmable \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bitstamp.net/learn/crypto-101/how-to-choose-the-right-crypto-wallet/\">wallets\u003C/a> to support the take-up of USDC payments among companies such as banks, fintech firms, marketplaces, and exchanges. Programmable wallets offer features such as developer-controlled key ownership models, subscription payments, and built-in compliance features.  \u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>Circle essentials\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Circle is the financial services company that issues the USDC stablecoin, the second-largest stablecoin by market capitalization.  \u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Circle differentiates USDC among stablecoins with a focus on regulation and transparency.  \u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>Along with USDC, the company also issues a euro-backed stablecoin, and provides services such as cross-chain protocols and programmable wallets that support USDC adoption.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n","full","left",{"text":17},[],[],"January 14th, 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3TW",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":206,"value":17,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":27,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":207,"geofencings":208},"United Kingdom",{},{},{"title":210,"content":17,"items":211},"Contact",[212,217,221,225,229,233,238,243,248],{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":213,"value":214,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":215,"geofencings":216},"Customer support","/customer-support/",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":218,"value":218,"isEmail":27,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":219,"geofencings":220},"info@bitstamp.net",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":222,"value":222,"isEmail":27,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":223,"geofencings":224},"press@bitstamp.net",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":226,"value":226,"isEmail":27,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":227,"geofencings":228},"support@bitstamp.net",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":230,"value":230,"isEmail":27,"isPhoneNumber":30,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":231,"geofencings":232},"complaints@bitstamp.net",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":234,"value":235,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":27,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":236,"geofencings":237},"+44 20 3868 9628","+442038689628",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":239,"value":240,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":27,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":241,"geofencings":242},"+1 800 712 5702","+18007125702",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":244,"value":245,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":27,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":246,"geofencings":247},"+352 20 88 10 96","+35220881096",{},{},{"noFollow":30,"isExternal":30,"name":249,"value":250,"isEmail":30,"isPhoneNumber":27,"isText":30,"showOnDesktop":27,"showOnMobile":27,"attachment":251,"geofencings":252},"+65 3105 1676","+6531051676",{},{},"\u003Cp>Please read the general \u003Ca href=\"/legal/risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Warning\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"/legal/uk-investment-risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Summary\u003C/a> for UK residents before investing in crypto-assets. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Crypto-assets services are provided by the following Bitstamp legal entities depending on client residency: (1) Bitstamp Europe S.A., which is authorized by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF) in Luxembourg as a payment institution (licence number Z00000012) and crypto-asset service provider (licence number N00000003); Registered address: 40, avenue Monterey, L-2163 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Registration number: B196856; (2) Bitstamp UK Ltd., which is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the UK for the provision of certain cryptoassets activities under the Money Laundering Regulations (Firm Reference Number 978690); Registered address: 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom; Registration number: 14174243; (3) Bitstamp Ltd.with its registered address at 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom and registration number: 8157033; (4) Bitstamp Global Ltd., which is registered as a Virtual Asset Service Provider in the British Virgin Islands and is supervised by the British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission (FSC); Registered address: Floor 4, Banco Popular Building, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands; Registered number: 2086429; and (5) Bitstamp Asia Pte Ltd, which is authorized by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) as a major payment institution (licence number PS20200667); Registered address: 63 Chulia Street, OCBC Centre East, #15-01, Singapore 049514; Registered number: 202016687K;\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Virtual currency services to US residents are provided by Bitstamp USA, Inc., which is licensed to engage in virtual currency business activity by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Licensed as a Money Transmitter by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Review a \u003Ca href=\"/legal/usa-inc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">list of its licenses and other registrations\u003C/a> (NMLS number \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">1905429\u003C/a>) for more information; Registered address: 85 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America; Registered number: 5481543.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Investment services with regards to trading in crypto derivatives are provided by Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd., which is authorized and supervised by the Slovenian Securities Market Agency (ATVP) as a MiFiD investment firm. Trading crypto derivatives carries significant risks and may result in substantial losses. Please trade responsibly and ensure you understand the associated risks. You can find more about the risks \u003Ca href=\"/legal/financial-services/general-terms-and-conditions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>. To help you understand the risks involved we have put together a series of \u003Ca href=\"/derivatives/key-information-documents/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Key Information Documents (KIDs)\u003C/a> highlighting the risks and rewards related to each derivatives contract. Crypto derivatives trading is not available to customers in the US, Canada, Japan and some other countries. Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd. does not provide crypto-asset services.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To find out more about which Bitstamp entity you receive services from, please check the Profile/My information in your Bitstamp account. You can read more about our legal terms, policies and disclosures \u003Ca href=\"/legal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n","\u003Cp>All rights reserved © 2026 Bitstamp by Robinhood. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">NMLS #1905429\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n",{"description":7,"ogDescription":7,"ogImage":256,"twitterImage":256,"twitterSite":257,"twitterCreator":257,"twitterCard":258,"twitterTitle":6,"twitterDescription":7,"titleTemplate":259},"https://assets.bitstamp.net/msc/_ipx/enlarge_true&f_png&fit_cover&q_85&s_1200x630/bitstampImageUrl/what_is_circle_bb086068d0_5c2428a148.png","@Bitstamp","summary_large_image","%s",{"items":261,"ready":27,"platformButtonText":304,"backButtonText":305,"logInButtonText":306,"signUpButtonText":307},[262,266,270,273,276,279,282,287,290,295,300],{"headerName":263,"sidemenuName":134,"url":135,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":264,"submenu":265,"tag":17},"Institutions",{},[],{"headerName":126,"sidemenuName":126,"url":127,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":267,"submenu":268,"tag":269},{},[],"NEW",{"headerName":149,"sidemenuName":149,"url":150,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":271,"submenu":272,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":106,"sidemenuName":106,"url":107,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":274,"submenu":275,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":116,"sidemenuName":116,"url":117,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":277,"submenu":278,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":121,"sidemenuName":121,"url":122,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":280,"submenu":281,"tag":17},{"geofencing-uk":27},[],{"headerName":283,"sidemenuName":283,"url":284,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":285,"submenu":286,"tag":17},"Markets","/markets/",{},[],{"headerName":111,"sidemenuName":111,"url":112,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":288,"submenu":289,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":291,"sidemenuName":291,"url":292,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":293,"submenu":294,"tag":17},"Blog","https://blog.bitstamp.net/",{},[],{"headerName":296,"sidemenuName":296,"url":297,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":27,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":298,"submenu":299,"tag":17},"Learn","/learn/",{},[],{"headerName":301,"sidemenuName":301,"url":107,"noFollow":30,"showInHeader":30,"showInSidemenu":27,"geofencings":302,"submenu":303,"tag":17},"Get Bitstamp by Robinhood app",{},[],"Go to platform","Back","Log in","Get started",[309,313,315,319,323,327,331,335,339,343],{"title":310,"url":311,"geofencings":312},"Blockchain technology","/learn/blockchain/",{},{"title":26,"url":25,"geofencings":314},{},{"title":316,"url":317,"geofencings":318},"Crypto 101","/learn/crypto-101/",{},{"title":320,"url":321,"geofencings":322},"Crypto definitions","/learn/crypto-definitions/",{},{"title":324,"url":325,"geofencings":326},"Crypto trading","/learn/crypto-trading/",{},{"title":328,"url":329,"geofencings":330},"Cryptocurrency guide","/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/",{"geofencing-uk":27},{"title":332,"url":333,"geofencings":334},"People profiles","/learn/people-profiles/",{},{"title":336,"url":337,"geofencings":338},"Security","/learn/security/",{},{"title":340,"url":341,"geofencings":342},"Tutorials","/learn/bitstamp-tutorials/",{},{"title":344,"url":345,"geofencings":346},"Web3","/learn/web3/",{},1777988147435]