[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":347},["ShallowReactive",2],{"api/learn-center-post-en-what-is-proof-of-stake-pos":3,"footer-en":57,"learn/crypto-101/what-is-proof-of-stake-pos-en-seo":255,"navigation-en-learn-center":260,"api/learn-categories-en":308},{"seo":4,"locale":28,"breadcrumbs":29,"excerpt":37,"featuredImage":38,"components":39,"title":5,"formattedPublishedAt":50,"geofencings":51,"category":52,"pagination":54,"campaignExternalId":8},{"title":5,"metaTitle":6,"metaDescription":7,"keywords":8,"metaRobots":8,"structuredData":9,"metaImage":10,"metaSocial":18,"canonicalURL":8,"localizations":19},"What is proof of stake? (PoS)","What is proof of stake? (PoS) - Bitstamp Learn Center","What is proof of stake? How does it help power and secure blockchains? - Learn more on the Bitstamp Learn Center",null,{},{"url":11,"mime":12,"ext":13,"width":14,"height":15,"name":16,"alt":17},"bitstampImageUrl/1920x1080px_illustrations_learningcenter_91svg_5bca3f073a_a0ab51d76f.svg","image/svg+xml",".svg",192,108,"1920x1080px_illustrations_learningcenter_91svg_5bca3f073a.svg","",[],[20,23,26],{"pathname":21,"locale":22},"/en-gb/learn/crypto-101/what-is-proof-of-stake-pos/","en-GB",{"pathname":24,"locale":25},"/es/learn/crypto-101/what-is-proof-of-stake-pos/","es",{"pathname":27,"locale":28},"/learn/crypto-101/what-is-proof-of-stake-pos/","en",[30,34],{"id":31,"text":32,"url":31,"asUrl":33},"/learn/crypto-101/","Crypto 101",true,{"id":35,"text":5,"url":27,"asUrl":36},"what-is-proof-of-stake-pos",false,"\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Proof of stake\u003C/strong> (\u003Cstrong>PoS\u003C/strong>) is a mechanism used to validate the legitimacy of transactions in \u003Cstrong>blockchains\u003C/strong>. It is an alternative to the more wide-spread mechanism called \u003Cstrong>proof of work\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n",{"url":11,"mime":12,"ext":13,"width":14,"height":15,"name":16,"alt":17},[40],{"component":41,"props":42,"content":43,"secondaryContent":47,"ctas":48,"secondaryCtas":49,"ctasNoMarginTop":36},"section.full-text",{"centered":36,"withoutSectionContainer":36},{"text":44,"width":45,"align":46},"\u003Cp>In PoS, users get the opportunity to \u003Cstrong>add new blocks\u003C/strong> to the chain, \u003Cstrong>based on the amount of cryptocurrency they hold\u003C/strong>. Those with a larger stake of the blockchain’s native currency are more likely to be selected as validators and make money with transaction fees.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>As with PoW, the point of this mechanism is to prevent spam and \u003Ca href=\"/learn/security/what-is-a-51-percent-attack/\">double spending attacks\u003C/a>. At the same time, it also achieves \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/learn/security/how-is-decentralized-consensus-achieved/\">distributed consensus\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>PROOF OF STAKE ESSENTIALS\u003C/p>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>Proof of stake is a method used to secure transactions on a blockchain.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>It is an alternative to the currently more common proof of work.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>It prevents double-spending attacks.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>It replaces mining with the need to own cryptocurrency tokens.\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>The main purpose is reducing energy waste due to mining.\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n\u003Ch2>Eliminating wasteful energy consumption\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In \u003Ca href=\"/learn/crypto-101/what-is-proof-of-work-pow/\">proof of work\u003C/a>, the chance to create new blocks is given to the first user that solves a cryptographic problem. This is a rather inefficient process in terms of energy consumption. Large amounts of processing power are used when competing for the chance to create a new block of data, while actually creating that block itself requires a miniscule amount of processing power compared to solving a PoW puzzle. The effort required to create (or \u003Cstrong>\u003Ca href=\"/learn/crypto-101/what-is-crypto-mining/\">mine\u003C/a>\u003C/strong>) a new block is what guarantees its legitimacy.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Proof of stake works around this approach by eliminating the need to prove that transactions are legitimate through work. Instead, validators stake a certain amount of cryptocurrency by locking it in the \u003Ca href=\"/learn/blockchain/what-is-a-blockchain/\">blockchain\u003C/a>. This deposit acts as proof for the legitimacy of their intentions. It earns validators the right to add new blocks of data to the chain. Some processing power is still needed to form a block and fill it with transactions, but this low energy requisite can be handled by ordinary modern computers at minimal energy costs.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>PoS eliminates the need for mining, and validators are sometimes called \u003Cstrong>minters\u003C/strong> or \u003Cstrong>forgers\u003C/strong> instead of miners. PoS works on the premise that minters will always act honestly and never harm or exploit the system, since they own a notable amount of the blockchain’s native cryptocurrency. Causing harm to the blockchain would make their tokens lose value, so there is no incentive to do so.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>This also lowers the chances of a potential 51% attack. A 51% attacker would need to own the majority of the total available cryptocurrency to carry out a successful attack. If they attacked the system, they would cause more harm to themselves than anyone else.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>Threats to decentralization\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>A common concern for PoS is that it favours validators with more crypto. Some critics see it as a case of the rich getting richer and the poor being left behind. This could threaten blockchain decentralization by amassing the majority of power in the hands of a few individuals.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>While these concerns certainly have merit, it is important to note that the same can be said about PoW. In fact, this has already been well-confirmed. The majority of Bitcoin mining power comes from a handful of mining pools. If a player with enough capital entered the market, they could overwhelm the PoW system by buying an absurd amount of mining gear.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Amassing the power to seize a PoW system would be expensive, but probably cheaper than buying 51% of a reputable crypto, like \u003Cstrong>ETH\u003C/strong>. The reason ether is used as an example here is that the \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-ethereum-eth/\">Ethereum\u003C/a> platform will be switching from a PoW to a PoS system after the event known as the \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-the-ethereum-merge/\">Ethereum merge\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The selection process used to determine the minter of the next block is not based only on who holds more tokens. That would make it too likely that the majority holders would be selected over and over again. To solve this problem, blockchains use different functions, with most of them including a measure of randomness in the selection process.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The PoS system as described in this article is a simplification of how the process actually works. This was done to give you an understanding of the underlying concepts. In reality, \u003Cstrong>each project attempting to use PoS slightly modifies the concept and introduces its own rules\u003C/strong>. Going through all these variations, however, is beyond the scope of a single article.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>PoS has already been implemented by a number of cryptocurrencies, but the mechanism is still being developed. 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20 3868 9628","+442038689628",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":239,"value":240,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":241,"geofencings":242},"+1 800 712 5702","+18007125702",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":244,"value":245,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":246,"geofencings":247},"+352 20 88 10 96","+35220881096",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":249,"value":250,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":251,"geofencings":252},"+65 3105 1676","+6531051676",{},{},"\u003Cp>Please read the general \u003Ca href=\"/legal/risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Warning\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"/legal/uk-investment-risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Summary\u003C/a> for UK residents before investing in crypto-assets. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Crypto-assets services are provided by the following Bitstamp legal entities depending on client residency: (1) Bitstamp Europe S.A., which is authorized by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF) in Luxembourg as a payment institution (licence number Z00000012) and crypto-asset service provider (licence number N00000003); Registered address: 40, avenue Monterey, L-2163 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Registration number: B196856; (2) Bitstamp UK Ltd., which is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the UK for the provision of certain cryptoassets activities under the Money Laundering Regulations (Firm Reference Number 978690); Registered address: 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom; Registration number: 14174243; (3) Bitstamp Ltd.with its registered address at 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom and registration number: 8157033; (4) Bitstamp Global Ltd., which is registered as a Virtual Asset Service Provider in the British Virgin Islands and is supervised by the British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission (FSC); Registered address: Floor 4, Banco Popular Building, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands; Registered number: 2086429; and (5) Bitstamp Asia Pte Ltd, which is authorized by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) as a major payment institution (licence number PS20200667); Registered address: 63 Chulia Street, OCBC Centre East, #15-01, Singapore 049514; Registered number: 202016687K;\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Virtual currency services to US residents are provided by Bitstamp USA, Inc., which is licensed to engage in virtual currency business activity by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Licensed as a Money Transmitter by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Review a \u003Ca href=\"/legal/usa-inc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">list of its licenses and other registrations\u003C/a> (NMLS number \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">1905429\u003C/a>) for more information; Registered address: 85 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America; Registered number: 5481543.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Investment services with regards to trading in crypto derivatives are provided by Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd., which is authorized and supervised by the Slovenian Securities Market Agency (ATVP) as a MiFiD investment firm. Trading crypto derivatives carries significant risks and may result in substantial losses. Please trade responsibly and ensure you understand the associated risks. You can find more about the risks \u003Ca href=\"/legal/financial-services/general-terms-and-conditions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>. To help you understand the risks involved we have put together a series of \u003Ca href=\"/derivatives/key-information-documents/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Key Information Documents (KIDs)\u003C/a> highlighting the risks and rewards related to each derivatives contract. Crypto derivatives trading is not available to customers in the US, Canada, Japan and some other countries. Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd. does not provide crypto-asset services.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To find out more about which Bitstamp entity you receive services from, please check the Profile/My information in your Bitstamp account. You can read more about our legal terms, policies and disclosures \u003Ca href=\"/legal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n","\u003Cp>All rights reserved © 2026 Bitstamp by Robinhood. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">NMLS #1905429\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n",{"description":7,"ogDescription":7,"ogImage":256,"twitterImage":256,"twitterSite":257,"twitterCreator":257,"twitterCard":258,"twitterTitle":6,"twitterDescription":7,"titleTemplate":259},"https://assets.bitstamp.net/msc/_ipx/enlarge_true&f_png&fit_cover&q_85&s_1200x630/bitstampImageUrl/1920x1080px_illustrations_learningcenter_91svg_5bca3f073a_a0ab51d76f.png","@Bitstamp","summary_large_image","%s",{"items":261,"ready":33,"platformButtonText":304,"backButtonText":305,"logInButtonText":306,"signUpButtonText":307},[262,266,270,273,276,279,282,287,290,295,300],{"headerName":263,"sidemenuName":134,"url":135,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":264,"submenu":265,"tag":17},"Institutions",{},[],{"headerName":126,"sidemenuName":126,"url":127,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":267,"submenu":268,"tag":269},{},[],"NEW",{"headerName":149,"sidemenuName":149,"url":150,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":271,"submenu":272,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":106,"sidemenuName":106,"url":107,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":274,"submenu":275,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":116,"sidemenuName":116,"url":117,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":277,"submenu":278,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":121,"sidemenuName":121,"url":122,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":280,"submenu":281,"tag":17},{"geofencing-uk":33},[],{"headerName":283,"sidemenuName":283,"url":284,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":285,"submenu":286,"tag":17},"Markets","/markets/",{},[],{"headerName":111,"sidemenuName":111,"url":112,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":288,"submenu":289,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":291,"sidemenuName":291,"url":292,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":293,"submenu":294,"tag":17},"Blog","https://blog.bitstamp.net/",{},[],{"headerName":296,"sidemenuName":296,"url":297,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":298,"submenu":299,"tag":17},"Learn","/learn/",{},[],{"headerName":301,"sidemenuName":301,"url":107,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":36,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":302,"submenu":303,"tag":17},"Get Bitstamp by Robinhood app",{},[],"Go to platform","Back","Log in","Get started",[309,313,317,319,323,327,331,335,339,343],{"title":310,"url":311,"geofencings":312},"Blockchain technology","/learn/blockchain/",{},{"title":314,"url":315,"geofencings":316},"Company profiles","/learn/company-profiles/",{},{"title":32,"url":31,"geofencings":318},{},{"title":320,"url":321,"geofencings":322},"Crypto definitions","/learn/crypto-definitions/",{},{"title":324,"url":325,"geofencings":326},"Crypto trading","/learn/crypto-trading/",{},{"title":328,"url":329,"geofencings":330},"Cryptocurrency guide","/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/",{"geofencing-uk":33},{"title":332,"url":333,"geofencings":334},"People profiles","/learn/people-profiles/",{},{"title":336,"url":337,"geofencings":338},"Security","/learn/security/",{},{"title":340,"url":341,"geofencings":342},"Tutorials","/learn/bitstamp-tutorials/",{},{"title":344,"url":345,"geofencings":346},"Web3","/learn/web3/",{},1775055419876]