[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":353},["ShallowReactive",2],{"api/learn-center-post-en-what-is-the-base-layer-2-network":3,"footer-en":63,"learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-the-base-layer-2-network-en-seo":261,"navigation-en-learn-center":266,"api/learn-categories-en":314},{"seo":4,"locale":28,"breadcrumbs":29,"excerpt":37,"featuredImage":38,"components":45,"title":5,"formattedPublishedAt":56,"geofencings":57,"category":58,"pagination":60,"campaignExternalId":8},{"title":5,"metaTitle":6,"metaDescription":7,"keywords":8,"metaRobots":8,"structuredData":9,"metaImage":10,"metaSocial":18,"canonicalURL":8,"localizations":19},"What is the Base layer 2 network?","What is the Base layer 2 network? - Cryptocurrency Guide","Base is an Ethereum-based layer 2 network built by Coinbase to facilitate the development of decentralized applications (dapps).",null,{},{"url":11,"mime":12,"ext":13,"width":14,"height":15,"name":16,"alt":17},"bitstampImageUrl/What_is_Base_1png_d9ad58f655_4453dc8a36.png","image/png",".png",744,381,"What_is_Base_1png_d9ad58f655.png","",[],[20,23,26],{"pathname":21,"locale":22},"/en-gb/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-the-base-layer-2-network/","en-GB",{"pathname":24,"locale":25},"/es/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-the-base-layer-2-network/","es",{"pathname":27,"locale":28},"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-the-base-layer-2-network/","en",[30,34],{"id":31,"text":32,"url":31,"asUrl":33},"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/","Cryptocurrency guide",true,{"id":35,"text":5,"url":27,"asUrl":36},"what-is-the-base-layer-2-network",false,"\u003Cp>Base is an Ethereum-based layer 2 network built by Coinbase to facilitate the development of decentralized applications (dapps) while incorporating established fiat onramps.\u003C/p>\n",{"url":39,"mime":40,"ext":41,"width":42,"height":43,"name":44,"alt":17},"bitstampImageUrl/What_is_Basesvg_b4412070eb_10ead515a5.svg","image/svg+xml",".svg",1676,858,"What_is_Basesvg_b4412070eb.svg",[46],{"component":47,"props":48,"content":49,"secondaryContent":53,"ctas":54,"secondaryCtas":55,"ctasNoMarginTop":36},"section.full-text",{"centered":36,"withoutSectionContainer":36},{"text":50,"width":51,"align":52},"\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"/learn/blockchain/what-are-layer-2-solutions/\">Layer 2 solutions\u003C/a> (L2s) have arguably become a necessity—and certainly commonplace—in the crypto and blockchain ecosystem. With ever-increasing adoption and use of \u003Ca href=\"/learn/blockchain/what-is-a-blockchain/\">blockchain\u003C/a> infrastructure, established networks like \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-ethereum-eth/\">Ethereum\u003C/a> have become congested, slow, and pricey to navigate. To remove Projects like Arbitrum, Optimism, and \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-starknet-strk/\">Starknet\u003C/a> have developed networks to offload data burden of these \u003Cstrong>Layer 1s\u003C/strong> and create more streamlined experiences for end-users.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Base is an L2 network that was developed by Coinbase using tools provided by another L2, Optimism. Optimism’s \u003Cstrong>OP Stack\u003C/strong> is open-source software that underlies its own L2 , and Base became the second network to launch using its code. This means that Base is an \u003Cstrong>optimistic rollup.\u003C/strong> Its objective is to create a secure and efficient network that supports the building of \u003Ca href=\"/learn/crypto-101/what-are-decentralized-applications-dapps/\">dapps\u003C/a> and makes it possible for developers to access Coinbase’s existing tools that connect millions of users (and their fiat resources) to crypto.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>How was Base developed?\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>In early 2023, Coinbase announced that it was launching the testnet for its Base L2 network. It was pitched as a “secure, low-cost, developer-friendly way … to build decentralized apps.” The mainnet launched in August 2023. The L2 creation marked a landmark linkage between one of the world’s largest centralized exchanges and a group of developers leading a decentralized ecosystem.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>The shared vision of Coinbase and Optimism’s community runs deeper than the Base L2 network. In 2022, Coinbase publicly announced its support of Ethereum’s EIP-4844, which introduced blob-carrying transactions (vital for proto-danksharding) and was the flagship of the \u003Ca href=\"/learn/blockchain/what-is-the-ethereum-cancun-deneb-upgrade/\">Cancun-Deneb upgrade\u003C/a>. This promised to make L2 networks even more cost-efficient, which theoretically benefits both Optimism and other networks that use its optimistic rollup technology—like Base. The two also share a vision of creating a \u003Cstrong>Superchain\u003C/strong>, which is the theoretical meta-network of L2s that collectively scales Ethereum.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Over the course of 2023-2024, Coinbase set out to advance the operations of Base from what Ethereum founder \u003Ca href=\"/learn/people-profiles/who-is-vitalik-buterin/\">Vitalik Buterin\u003C/a> called a “Stage 0” rollup to a “Stage 2” rollup, incrementally gaining functionality and decentralization as a scaling solution to its L1 network.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Base is overseen by Jesse Pollak, a software developer and entrepreneur who has worked at Coinbase since 2017.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>How does Base work?\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cp>Base is an optimistic rollup-based layer 2 scaling solution like Optimism. This model takes some of the complex computation of decentralized networks off-chain to de-congest the L1, then communicates transactions to the L1 in batches to decrease transaction fees. Base was originally built for Ethereum but aims to be available on multiple other blockchains. Multi-chain functionality is facilitated by third-party cross-chain protocols such as Axelar, Crossmint, LayerZero, and Wormhole.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>At launch, Coinbase announced that it did not plan to release a token to accompany its network. As an Ethereum L2, the \u003Ca href=\"/markets/eth/usd/\">ETH\u003C/a> token is used as a means to pay transaction fees on the network. Each fee consists of an L2 fee for transaction execution and an L1 fee for publishing the transaction on the underlying chain.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>OP Stack\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>At the core of Base is Optimism’s OP Stack. This set of software components is maintained by the Optimism Collective and can be used by anyone to build L2 blockchains like Optimism. The goal of this open-source resource is to allow developers to create a \u003Cstrong>Superchain\u003C/strong> network of L2s that share the responsibility of scaling Ethereum’s robust ecosystem. The OP Stack is additionally designed to be very similar to Ethereum, which makes development on Base more seamless for Ethereum’s strong developer base.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch3>Interoperability and adoption\u003C/h3>\n\u003Cp>Within one year of its mainnet launch, Base was incorporated into a number of familiar protocols such as \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-0x-zrx/\">0x\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-aave/\">Aave\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-uniswap-uni/\">Uniswap\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"/learn/cryptocurrency-guide/what-is-sushiswap-sushi/\">Sushiswap\u003C/a>, and more. Also, because Base is closely connected to Coinbase, dapps in its ecosystem could potentially leverage the pre-existing fiat onramps that bring funding into the cryptocurrency environment.\u003C/p>\n\u003Ch2>Conclusion\u003C/h2>\n\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cp>Base is a layer 2 scaling solution built for Ethereum (with cross-chain capabilities) to foster robust and efficient decentralized application development.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cp>Built by the centralized exchange Coinbase using Optimism’s OP Stack, Base is an optimistic rollup that launched in 2023.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003Cli>\u003Cp>Well-known protocols like Aave and Uniswap incorporated Base within its first year, highlighting its interoperability in existing blockchain infrastructure, and Base’s additional contact with Coinbase’s fiat onramps may provide it enthusiastic development as time goes on.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/li>\n\u003C/ul>\n","full","left",{"text":17},[],[],"May 30th, 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20 3868 9628","+442038689628",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":245,"value":246,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":247,"geofencings":248},"+1 800 712 5702","+18007125702",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":250,"value":251,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":252,"geofencings":253},"+352 20 88 10 96","+35220881096",{},{},{"noFollow":36,"isExternal":36,"name":255,"value":256,"isEmail":36,"isPhoneNumber":33,"isText":36,"showOnDesktop":33,"showOnMobile":33,"attachment":257,"geofencings":258},"+65 3105 1676","+6531051676",{},{},"\u003Cp>Please read the general \u003Ca href=\"/legal/risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Warning\u003C/a>, and \u003Ca href=\"/legal/uk-investment-risk-warning/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Risk Summary\u003C/a> for UK residents before investing in crypto-assets. \u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Crypto-assets services are provided by the following Bitstamp legal entities depending on client residency: (1) Bitstamp Europe S.A., which is authorized by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF) in Luxembourg as a payment institution (licence number Z00000012) and crypto-asset service provider (licence number N00000003); Registered address: 40, avenue Monterey, L-2163 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; Registration number: B196856; (2) Bitstamp UK Ltd., which is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the UK for the provision of certain cryptoassets activities under the Money Laundering Regulations (Firm Reference Number 978690); Registered address: 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom; Registration number: 14174243; (3) Bitstamp Ltd.with its registered address at 5 New Street Square, EC4A 3TW London, United Kingdom and registration number: 8157033; (4) Bitstamp Global Ltd., which is registered as a Virtual Asset Service Provider in the British Virgin Islands and is supervised by the British Virgin Islands Financial Services Commission (FSC); Registered address: Floor 4, Banco Popular Building, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, British Virgin Islands; Registered number: 2086429; and (5) Bitstamp Asia Pte Ltd, which is authorized by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) as a major payment institution (licence number PS20200667); Registered address: 63 Chulia Street, OCBC Centre East, #15-01, Singapore 049514; Registered number: 202016687K;\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Virtual currency services to US residents are provided by Bitstamp USA, Inc., which is licensed to engage in virtual currency business activity by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Licensed as a Money Transmitter by the New York State Department of Financial Services. Review a \u003Ca href=\"/legal/usa-inc/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">list of its licenses and other registrations\u003C/a> (NMLS number \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">1905429\u003C/a>) for more information; Registered address: 85 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America; Registered number: 5481543.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>Investment services with regards to trading in crypto derivatives are provided by Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd., which is authorized and supervised by the Slovenian Securities Market Agency (ATVP) as a MiFiD investment firm. Trading crypto derivatives carries significant risks and may result in substantial losses. Please trade responsibly and ensure you understand the associated risks. You can find more about the risks \u003Ca href=\"/legal/financial-services/general-terms-and-conditions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>. To help you understand the risks involved we have put together a series of \u003Ca href=\"/derivatives/key-information-documents/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Key Information Documents (KIDs)\u003C/a> highlighting the risks and rewards related to each derivatives contract. Crypto derivatives trading is not available to customers in the US, Canada, Japan and some other countries. Bitstamp Financial Services Ltd. does not provide crypto-asset services.\u003C/p>\n\u003Cp>To find out more about which Bitstamp entity you receive services from, please check the Profile/My information in your Bitstamp account. You can read more about our legal terms, policies and disclosures \u003Ca href=\"/legal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">here\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\n","\u003Cp>All rights reserved © 2026 Bitstamp by Robinhood. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org/EntityDetails.aspx/COMPANY/1905429\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">NMLS #1905429\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\n",{"description":7,"ogDescription":7,"ogImage":262,"twitterImage":262,"twitterSite":263,"twitterCreator":263,"twitterCard":264,"twitterTitle":6,"twitterDescription":7,"titleTemplate":265},"https://assets.bitstamp.net/msc/_ipx/enlarge_true&f_png&fit_cover&q_85&s_1200x630/bitstampImageUrl/What_is_Base_1png_d9ad58f655_4453dc8a36.png","@Bitstamp","summary_large_image","%s",{"items":267,"ready":33,"platformButtonText":310,"backButtonText":311,"logInButtonText":312,"signUpButtonText":313},[268,272,276,279,282,285,288,293,296,301,306],{"headerName":269,"sidemenuName":140,"url":141,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":270,"submenu":271,"tag":17},"Institutions",{},[],{"headerName":132,"sidemenuName":132,"url":133,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":273,"submenu":274,"tag":275},{},[],"NEW",{"headerName":155,"sidemenuName":155,"url":156,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":277,"submenu":278,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":112,"sidemenuName":112,"url":113,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":280,"submenu":281,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":122,"sidemenuName":122,"url":123,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":283,"submenu":284,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":127,"sidemenuName":127,"url":128,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":286,"submenu":287,"tag":17},{"geofencing-uk":33},[],{"headerName":289,"sidemenuName":289,"url":290,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":291,"submenu":292,"tag":17},"Markets","/markets/",{},[],{"headerName":117,"sidemenuName":117,"url":118,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":294,"submenu":295,"tag":17},{},[],{"headerName":297,"sidemenuName":297,"url":298,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":299,"submenu":300,"tag":17},"Blog","https://blog.bitstamp.net/",{},[],{"headerName":302,"sidemenuName":302,"url":303,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":33,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":304,"submenu":305,"tag":17},"Learn","/learn/",{},[],{"headerName":307,"sidemenuName":307,"url":113,"noFollow":36,"showInHeader":36,"showInSidemenu":33,"geofencings":308,"submenu":309,"tag":17},"Get Bitstamp by Robinhood app",{},[],"Go to platform","Back","Log in","Get started",[315,319,323,327,331,335,337,341,345,349],{"title":316,"url":317,"geofencings":318},"Blockchain technology","/learn/blockchain/",{},{"title":320,"url":321,"geofencings":322},"Company profiles","/learn/company-profiles/",{},{"title":324,"url":325,"geofencings":326},"Crypto 101","/learn/crypto-101/",{},{"title":328,"url":329,"geofencings":330},"Crypto definitions","/learn/crypto-definitions/",{},{"title":332,"url":333,"geofencings":334},"Crypto trading","/learn/crypto-trading/",{},{"title":32,"url":31,"geofencings":336},{"geofencing-uk":33},{"title":338,"url":339,"geofencings":340},"People profiles","/learn/people-profiles/",{},{"title":342,"url":343,"geofencings":344},"Security","/learn/security/",{},{"title":346,"url":347,"geofencings":348},"Tutorials","/learn/bitstamp-tutorials/",{},{"title":350,"url":351,"geofencings":352},"Web3","/learn/web3/",{},1775562904382]